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POISON

Poison:-
 A poison is a substance which when administered inhaled or ingested is capable of acting deleteriously on the human body.

Classification of poison:-
 According to their mode of action poisons are classified in 6 groups-
1.   Corrosive poison
2.   Irritant poison
3.   Neurotic poison
4.   Cardiac poison
5.   Asphyxiants poison
6.   Miscellaneous poison

1.CORROSIVE POISON:-
 A corrosive poison is simply a highly active irritant and not only produces inflammation but also actual ulcerate the tissue. This group include strong acid and alkalis.

2.IRRITANT POISON:-
 This poison produces symptoms of pain in the abdomen, vomiting and purging. This group consist of inorganic, organic and mechanical substance. Corrosive in dilute solution act as irritant.

3.NEUROTIC POISON:-
 Neurotic poison act chiefly on the nervous system though some neurotics have local irritant action.

4.CARDIAC POISON:-
  These are poisons acting on the heart and include digitalis etc.

5.ASPHYXIANTS POISONS:-
 These are poisons acting on the lungs and include irrespirable gases such as CO, CO2.

6.MISCELLANEOUS POISON:-
 These are poisons having widely different pharmacological action are put together in this group. It includes street drugs, trianquillizers.

Route of administration of poison:-
 Poison may gain entry into the body by internal route like by mouth or by rectum, parenteral route like by injection and by inhalation through the air passage, by external application like on wound, unbroken skin and by sublingual route.

Action of poison:-
  The action of poison may be-
1.   Local action
2.   Remote action
3.   General action

1.   Local action:-
   The local action results from its direct action on the part and may
cause corrosion. Ex :- Acids
2.   Remote action:-
  The remote action is due to absorption of the poison into the system.
It may be either specific or non-specific. The specific action depend
upon the effect of the poison on certain organ with which it has
special affinity. Ex: Digitalis on heart, strychnine on spinal cord.
A remote action may be non-specific such as shock.
Certain poison like oxalic acid produces both local and remote action.

 3.   General action:-
 General action results when the absorbed poison evokes response
from a wide variety of tissue beyond the limits of one or two system.Ex: Arsenic, Mercury, lead etc.

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