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PHOSPHORUS


 Phosphorous
  It is a non-metallic poison. Phosphorous exists in two forms-
      -white as crystalline
      - red as amorphous
Phosphorus is a protoplasmic poison. It effects cellular oxidation, it effects on cellular metabolism is comparable to Ischaemia. Under such anoxic condition, the metabolism diminishes. This is known as necrobiosis.

Sign and symptoms:-
 There are two phases of symptoms primary, due to the local irritant action on the gastrointestinal tract and secondary, due to the action of the absorbed poison.
 The primary symptoms usually occur within 2-6 hours. There is burning pain in the throat, esophagus and stomach with intense thirst, frequent gaseous eructation, nausea, vomiting and diarrhoea .
   The patient may complain of garlic taste in the mouth and a garlic odor in the breath, the vomited matter is darkened by blood, smell of garlic, the faeces may be dark, luminous ofenssing. The lumminousity of vomit and feaces is diagnostic feature.
Secondary symptoms occurs due to the absorbed poison. It damages mainly the liver and kidneys.
  The original symptoms include jaundice and distinction of abdomen due to enlargement and necrosis of liver. In the early stages liver is enlarged due to fatty degeneration (fatty liver) and in later stages. It is shrunker due to necrosis. Purpura and epistaxis may follow. The feaces are pale, urine is scanty and contain blood albumin, bile and sometimes sugar. Nervous system involvement manifest as frontal pain, insomnia, ringing in the ears, impaired vision, cramps and paralysis. Death results from hepatic, renal insufficiency. The clinical picture is suggestive of acute yellow atopy of the liver.

 Fatal dose-      60-120mg
Fatal period-   6-7days

 Treatment:-
 Demulcents (oil or fatty substance including milk) contraindicated.
Gastric lavage (stomach washing) should be used. Pottasium permagnate act as chemical antidote. 

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