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Mineral acid and caustic potash


1.   Minerals acid-
a.   Sulphuric acid
b.   Nitric acid
2.   Alkalis-
a.   Soda and caustic potash
b.   Ammonium hydroxide

 Mineral acid and caustic potash
   Mineral acid and strong alkalis are corrosive poison. In dilute
solution, they are act as irritant. Their action is mainly a local one on
the tissue of the elementary track and to some extent on the
respiratory track.

General symptoms and signs:-
 The onset of symptom is immediate soon after swallowing the poison there is –
(i)Burning sensation in the mouth, throat, esophagus, stomach and abdomen.
(ii) Intense thirst
(iii) Difficulty in swallowing
(iv) Continuously retching and vomiting of shreddy blood stained material.
(v) There are sign of corrosion of mouth, lips or both.
(vi) The tongue is swollen or shriveled.
(vii) Bowel tends to be constipated and the urine is scanty.
(viii) Tenesnus and frequency of stool with blood and mucus.
(ix) Dyspnoea
(x) Collapse from shock with cold clamy skin, pale, anxious face, sunken eyes, dialated pupil rapid feeble pule and sighing respiration. The patient may recover and death may ensure later from complication such as stricture of esophagus.

Treatment:-
   Milk and egg albumin should be given. Morfin by injection is to relieve pain and corticosteroid to prevent esophagus stricture.
 Stomach tube and emetics are contra indicated.

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